Pump



Dec. 4, 1951 F. STEPHAN 2,577,285

PUMP

Filed Dec. 13, 1946 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 FlE. L

I04 I02. I00

FR l-TZ 5T EPHAN adv/M443 F. STEPHAN Dec. 4, 1951 PUMP Filed Dec. 13,1946 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 FRITZ STEPHAN Patented Dec. 4, 1951 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE Herbert G. Benz, Shakopee, Minn.; George W. Benz executorof said Herbert G. Benz, de-

ceased Application December 13, 1946, Serial No. 716,090

20 Claims.

My invention relates to an improvement in pumps and deals moreparticularly with a pump having radially movable pistons.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective pumpcapable of pumping liquid andthe like. This pump involves radiallymovable pistons mounted for rotation about a common axis so that duringrotation thereof each piston moves through one or more complete strokes.

A feature of the present invention resides in the manner in which thepistons are operated. Each piston is urged outwardly against anencircling casing by spring means and by centrifugal force. A wheeledcarriage is provided for each piston, this carriage having wheels orrollers thereupon which engage against the encircling casing with aminimum of friction. The encircling casing has an eccentric innersurface which permits the pistons to travel inwardly and outwardlyduring each revolution thereof.

A feature of the present invention resides in the provision of radialcylinders having a passage from the inner extremity thereof intocommunication with fixed inlet and outlet ports. As the pistons moveoutwardly the communicating passage of the respective cylinder is incommunication with a fixed inlet port. As the piston reaches its extremeoutward position the communicating passage moves out of communicationwith the intake port and into communication with an outlet port. Thecommunicating passage remains in communication with the outlet portduring the inward stroke of the piston.

A feature of the present invention resides in the provision of a pumphaving radial pistons which are rotatable in a rotatable encirclingcasing@ 'The casing has an eccentric inner surface to provide the radialmovement of the pistons. When the pistons are rotating about a fixedcenter and the casing is held stationary, the pistons act to pump liquidor similar material. When the encircling casing is allowed to rotatewith the pistons no pumping action takes place. means is provided foreither holding the casing stationary or allowing the same to rotate.Similarly the clutch will allow the casing to rotate at a fraction ofthe speed of rotation of the pis tens, thereby cutting down the pumpingaction.

A feature of the present invention resides in A clutch v the roller tothe groove to permit the roller to a novel and effective manner ofholding the piston carriage rollers in place. Each roller is rotatableabout a fixed axis having a pin projecting radially therefrom. Eachroller is provided with a groove about its inner circumference in whichthe pin may slide. A notch is provided from one side of be attached ordetached from its axis.

These and other objects and novel features of my invention will be moreclearly and fully set forth in the following specification and claims.

In the drawings forming a part of my specification:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of my pump showing the construction thereof.

Figure 2 is a sectional view through the pump showing the constructionthereof.

Figure 3 is a sectional view at right angles to the axis of the pump,the position of the section being indicated by the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view through one of the piston carriages showingthe manner in which the supporting rollers are connected thereto.

Figure 5 is a sectional view through one of the piston carriage rollers,the position of the section being indicated by the line 5-5. of Figure4.

Figure 6 is a sectional view through the pump near one end thereof, theposition of the section being indicated by the line 66 of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is an elevational view of the central axis of the pump showingthe intake and discharge ports therein.

Figure 8 is an end view of the central axis illustrated in Figure 7.

The pump A includes an outer casing havin a substantially cylindricalouter shell l0 provided with a closed end I l thereupon. Within theouter shell I0 I provide an inner casing which includes a hollowcylindrical sleeve I2 having proper outer diameter to snugly fit withinthe shell I. The sleeve l2 has at one end thereof an end closure I3comprising a relatively thick ring shaped body having a wide peripheralgroove M extending thereabout. The inner sleeve 12 is likewise providedwith a peripheral flange I5 which engages snugly within an internalgroove l6 at the end of the outer casing in.

The end closure l3 has an axial aperture l1 t-herethrough which servesas a bearing for the enlargeddiameter portion IQ of the drive shaft 20.The enlarged diameter portion I!) of the drive shaft is provided with aseries of radially extending rectangular projections 2 I in which theradial pump cylinders are provided. Each projection 2! includes aradially extending bore 22 for accommodating a thimble shaped piston 23.A spring 24 is interposed between the closed end of the piston which isthe farthest end from the axis of rotation thereof and the base of thecylinder 22.

The enlarged diameter portion l9 of the shaft is hollow to accommodatethe central axis member 25. A passage 26 extends through the wall ofthis hollow enlarged shaft portion is communicating with each cylinderor bore 22. The liquid drawn into the cylinder by the piston is drawnthrough this communicating passage 26. Likewise the liquid pumped by:each piston 23 is forced in a reverse direction through the passage 126, as will be later described in detail.

A hollow box like enclosure is slidably supported Each enillustrated inFigure 4 of the drawings with a pair of stub shafts 39 and 3| extendingfrom opposite side thereof. Rollers 32 and 33 are rotatably supported onthe stub shafts 3.9. and 31!. re-.- spectively. The rollers 32 and 33are designed to engage against the eccentric inner surface of theenclosing casing so as to move the pistons in a radial: direction with aminimum of friction.

A pin is mounted in the stub shaft SE! toextend radially therefrom. Thispin 34 is-engageable in a circular groove 35 extending about the innercircumference of the rol1er'32. A notch 36 is provided extending in anaxial directionfrom the inner edge of the roller 22 to the groove 3-).In mounting the roller 32 upon the stub shaft 30, the notch 36 isaligned with the pin 34 and the roller moved axially until the pin 34 isin registry with the groove 35. The roller may then rotate freely and isheld in place by the pin 34.

The roller 33 is similarly held in place by a pin 38 projecting radiallyfrom the stub shaft 3!. This pin 38 engages in a circulargroove- 3'! inthe inner circumference of the roller 33. A communicatinggroove 39extends from the inner edge of the roller into communication with thegroove 31. The roller 33 is inserted inplace by placing the notch 39 inregistry with the pin 38 and moving the roller axially until the pin 33is in registry with the groove 31, whereupon the roller may rotatefreely.

As will be noted in Figure 4 of the drawings passages 48 extend throughthe side walls of the enclosure 2"!- and' apertures 41- extend.- throughthe end wall 42 thereof. Air or oil may flow through these apertures soas to equalize pressure inside and outside of the enclosure 21 duringmovement thereof.

It will be noted that the rollers 32' and 33 project slightlybeyond theend wall 42 of the enclosure 21. A a result the rollers engage againstthe inner wall of the enclosure and permit the enclosure to move in aradial direction on the project-ions 2-1 with a minimum of friction;

The rotor-casing-4'3 includes a sleeve 44 having a cylindrical outersurface and an oval inner sur 'face, as best illustratedin Figure 3 ofthe drawings. The oval inner surface is shown as being relatively thickat diametrically opposed points 45 and as having a relatively thin wallat diametrically opposed points 45 ninety degrees from the point 45. Asa result the piston carriages or enclosure 21 are allowed to moveoutwardly and inwardly a distance equal to the difference in thicknessof the casing wall at the points" 45 and 46 twice during each revolutionof the pistons relative to the casing. The casing 43 is provided with anend closure 4'! integral with one end of the sleeve 44. Angularly spacedapertures 49 are provided in the cylindrical sleeve portion. and similarangularly spaced apertures 50 are provided in the end closure 41 topermit oil to flow freely on opposite sides of the end closure and alsoto flow between the sleeve portion 44 and the enclosing sleeve I2. Itwill be noted that the enclosure 43 is provided with two larger diametercircumferential rings 5! and 52 which snugly engage within the sleevel2. The sleeve 33 between these rings 5| and 52 is slightly spaced fromthe to rotate with this casing.

closure I3 on the sleeve 82.

' the axis or distributor element 25.

sleeve I"2- to permit a flow of? oil between the two sleeves.

An end washer 53 is interposed between the free end of the sleeveportion 5 3 and the end This washer 53 is provided with a series ofangularly spaced apertures 5t therethrough which may rotate intocommunication with any of a series of angularly spaced apertures 55leading to the peripheral groove I4.

The washer 53. is provided with opposed ears 56 which. engage in notches5? in the free end of the sleeve portion M; of the rotor casing 43.These ears 56 cause the washer 53 to rotate in unison withthe casing 43.A- bearing sleeve 59 extends throughan axial aperturefiii in theendclosure plate l? of the casing and is designed A collar 5! is secured tothe bearing sleeve 59 to rotate therewith and with the casing 43. Thiscollar Si i provided with external spline teeth 52 and internal splineteeth 63. A collar it connects the collar" E l-with the centraldistributor elementor central axis 25.

1 The collar 6t is provided with external spline teeth which engagebetweeninternal spline teeth 63 of the collar ti. Thiscollar G l is alsoprovided with internal spline teeth- 55 which engage between externalteeth 50 on the circumference of An internal flange Bl on the collar 64holds the distributor element 25 in proper position within the casing63. The external teeth ll) on the distributor element 25'may be bestseen in Figure 7 of the drawings, which shows this element in detail.

The distributor element 25 has as its primary purpose the function ofproviding fluid'to the cylinders during the intake stroke of the variouspistons and the delivery of fluid under pressure from the cylindersduring thepower strokes of the piston. To serve this purpose thedistributor element 25 is provided with a large diameter portion 'Hwhich fits snugly within an axial bore 12 within thelargediameterportion I"! of the drive shaft 20. The distributor portionH is provided with four peripheral grooves therein which are angularlyspaced apart. Two opposed grooves 13' and 14 are connected by anaperture i5 through the large diameter portion H; thus connecting bothof the grooves 73 and 'l'd with an axial passage 76 which extendsthrough the distributor member 25 to the small diameter end thereof. Theaxial passage FE does not extend through the large diameter end ll ofthe element 25' for a purpose which will be later described indetail.

'The remaining opposedslots ii, and '59 are connected bylongitudinallyextending grooves 80 andBl, respectively, to the end ofthe element 25. The various slots are angularly spaced apart a distanceequal or slightly larger than the diameter of'the apertureslfi leadingthrough the. shaft portion l9 into communication with the cylinders 22.Thus during the rotation of the drive shaft each radial passage 26 ismoved first into" communication with one of' the grooves g'i'3' or" L4,

and next into communication with one of the grooves 11 or :9 and betweentimes is closed.

The end, 82 of, the element 25 is externally threaded to receivea'bearing cap 83 having an is provided on the bearing cap 83 tolimit,end-,

wise movement of the bearing cap. A seal 81 is interposed between theflange 86 and the closure end II so as to prevent the escape of fluidabout the bearing 83. The bearing cap 83 is provided with a slot 89 inthe extremity thereof by means of which the sleeve may be disengagedfrom the element 25.

The end plate II of the casing I9 is provided with a central boss 99which is internally threaded to accommodate the reducer 9I. The reducer9I includes an externally threaded sleeve 92 having an end 93 thereuponequipped with an axial internally threaded aperture 94 for accommodationof a nipple or fitting 95. The nipple or fitting 95 may be connected toany pressure line to supply fluid under pressure thereto.

The end plate II of the casing I9 is also provided with a boss 99off-set from the center thereof. An elongated sleeve 9'! extends throughan aperture 99 in the boss 96. The sleeve 9'! is provided with ashoulder I99 to limit the insertion of the sleeve 91. This sleeve isprovided with a hexagonal portion I9I at one end thereof, by means ofwhich the sleeve may be rotated. A shaft I92 extends through the sleeve91 and is provided with a pinion I93 on its inner extremity Within thecasing I9. A nut I94 is threaded on the end of the shaft I92 to holdthe' pinion I 93 in place. A set screw I95 may be provided to connectthe sleeve 91 to the shaft I92 to cause rotation thereof in unison.

The pinion I93 engages the internal teeth of a ring rear I96 formed onthe inner extremity of the flange I91 on the end of an externallythreaded sleeve I99. This sleeve I99 is provided with spline teeth II9on its internal surface and the external threads thereupon cooperatewith internal threads on the free end of the sleeve I2.

A series of clutch discs are interposed between the flange I9I of thethreaded sleeve I99 and the closed end 41 of the casing 43. These discsprovide a clutch between the elements described. Alternate discs I IIare spline connected to the sleeve I99. The intermediate discs I I2 arespline connected to the external surface of the collar 6|. By moving theflanged end I91 of the sleeve I99 toward the casing end 41, axialpressure is exerted against the discs which tends to either hold thecasing 43 stationary with respect to the outer pump casing or allow freerotation of the casing 43. The axial pressure is provided by rotatingthe threaded sleeve I99 in a direction to thread this sleeve into theinternally threaded sleeve I2. Axial pressure against the clutch discsis relieved by rotating the threaded sleeve I09 in the oppositedirection. Rotation of the sleeve I99 is efiected by rotating the pinionI93 with the shaft I92.

An axial recess H3 is provided in the end closure I3 to accommodateanoil seal'II4. This oil seal I I4 prevents the flow of the fluidbetween the shaft 29 and the end I3 of the casing. The

seal I I4 is held in place by an externally threaded plug I I5 whichengages into the internal threads of the aperture I I3.

It will be noted that a series of angularly spaced apertures I It areprovided through the end of the large diameter portion I9 of the driveshaft 29 so as to permit oil to flow into the interior ofthe hollowvshaftportionl9. The passages H6 communicate with an annular chamber Illxternally of the shaft 29 and inwardly of the oil seal H4. The chamberIll is in communication with the peripheral groove I4 through a seriesof angularly spaced passages H9. An oil inlet I29 is provided on theouter casing sleeve In in communication with the peripheral groove II4.As the pump is usually used to pump oil or similar material which alsomay be used as a lubricant, the oil intake is connected to the interiorof the pump so that the incoming oil may lubricate the parts thereof.

Key ways are provided between the end closure I3 and the casing It toprevent relative rotation between these parts. The pump illustrated isdesigned for attachment against a drive mecha-" nism and accordingly .isprovided with an end flange I2I having angularly spaced apertures. I 22therethrough by means of which the pump may be attached to the drivedevice. If the pump is to be driven from a distant power supply, meansmust be provided for connecting the end closure 13 with the casing I9 toprevent separation of these elements.

The operation of my pump is believed obvious from the foregoingdescription. Oil enters through the inlet I29, and is drawn into theperipheral groove !4 in the end closure I3 of the casing. From theperipheral groove Hi oil may flow through the passages 55 into theinterior of the rotatable casing 43. This casing is pro vided withopenings therethroughso that the exterior surface thereof is lubricatedduring operation of the pump. The enclosures 2? are also lubricated soas to slide readily upon the projections 2| The rollers 32 and 33 on theenclosures 2'! are also properly lubricated by this means.

Oil entering the pump may flow through the passages M9, the chamber Ill,and the passages M6 to the interior of the hollow portion I9 of thedrive shaft 29. Oil entering this shaft portion limit of its stroke therespective passage 25 passes out of communication withthe inlet portsill or I9 and passes into communication with one of the outlet portgrooves '83 or 74. During the in ward stroke of each piston, oil isforced inwardly through the passage 29 and into the outlet port groove13 or 74 through which oil is forced into the axial passage l9 and thusoutwardly through the connecting nipple 55' The collar 69 providesa-timing means for adjusting the position of the distributing element 25relative to the casing 43. Obviously the element 25 must be in propertime with the casing 43 so that the oil is drawn from the inlet portsduring the outward stroke of the pistons and forced into the outletports on the power stroke of each piston. With the arrangementillustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings the pistons are arranged torotate in a clockwise direction relative to the casing in order tooperate as described. In the event it was desired to rotate the pistonsin the opposite direction relative to the casing, the distributingelement 25 would have to be rotated through an angular distance ofninety degrees to properly tim the pump.

When the pump is started in operation, if the axial pressure upon theclutch plates III and the pinion. m3 the threaded sleeve I09 may be.

threaded into the casing. sleeve I2. As a result axial pressure is:exerted against'the clutch. discs HI and H2 causing frictiontherebetween. As friction is provided between the clutch plates the.speed of rotation of the casing 43' decreases to a point. where when theclutch is tight the casing 43 is held from rotation. When the casin 2.3is held stationary the pistons will operate at their greatest speed andthe maximum pumping action will be: effected.

It will be seen that I have provided av pump which may be rotatedconstantly with a minimum of friction, and power loss, particularly whenthe inner'casi'ng is allowed to rotate. When the clutch is free theinner casing will rotate and no pumping action will be. provided. Bymerely tightening the clutch any desired. proportion of the totalpumping capacity of the pump may be provided by registering the amountof slippage between the inner casing and the drive shaft.

When the cylinders are rotating relative to their casing the pistons areoperating with a minimum of friction because of the rollers which bearagainst the inner surface of the oval'casing. Obviously the enclosures2'! may freely fit the projections 2| upon which they slide. and it isonly necessary to provide a close fit between each piston and itscylinder in order to provide an efficient pumping operation.

In accordance with the patent statutes, I have described the principlesof construction and operation of my pump, and while I have endeavored toset forth the best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understoodthat this is only illustrative thereof, and that obvious changes may bemade within the scope of thefollowing claims without departing from thespirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A pump including a series of radially extending cylinders, meanssupporting said cylinders rotatable about a central axis, pistons insaid cylinders, a casing within which said cylinders are rotatablysupported, an inner non-circular surface on said casing and engagingsaid pistons for moving said pistons radially in their cylinders, meansfor rotatably supporting said casing, and means engageable with saidcasing for holding the same from rotation.

2. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving a noncircular inner surface engaging said pistons and operatingto reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaft rotates relative tosaid casing, means rotatably supporting said casing, and meansengageable with said casing for holding the same from rotation.

3. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface, means on. said pistons engagingsaid. surface and operating to recipro- 8 cate said pistons when saiddrive shaft rotates relative to said casing, and means rotatably supporting said casing, clutch means engageable with said casing. toselectively hold saidcasing. from rotation or permit: said casing torotate with said drive shaft.

4-. A pump including a drive shaft, 2. series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in. said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an in her non-circular. surface, means on said pistons engagingsaid surface and operating toreciprocate said pistons when said-driveshaftrotatesrelative to said casingnneans rotatably support-- ing said.casing, means engageablewith'said' cas-- ing to: hold the same fromrotation, a communieating passage from each cylinder through which fluidmayrflow in' either direction, and inletand outlet ports with which eachsaid passage is alternately engaged. in the rotation of said driveshaft.

5. A pump. including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported insaid cylinders. for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a: casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casing.having an innernon-circular surface, means on said pistons engaging saidsurface and. operating to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaftrotates relative to said casing, means rotatably supporting said casing,means engageable with said casing to hold the same from rotation, acommunicating passage from each cylinder through which flu-id may flowin'either direction. and inlet and outlet ports with which each saidpassage is al ternately engaged in. the rotation of said drive shaftrelative to said casing.

6. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radiallyextending'cylin'd'ers secured to said drive shaft; for rotationtherewith, pistons supported in said cylinders for radial movement withrespect to said drive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders.rotate, said casing having an inner non-circular surface, means on said.pistons engaging. said surfaceand operating to. reciprocate said pistonswhen said drive shaft rotates rel-ative to said casing, meansxrotatablysupporting said casing, means engageable with said" casing to holdthesame from rotation, a passage in said drive shaft: in communication witheach of said cylinders, and distributor means connected to said casing,said distributor means including" to said drive shaft, a casing.withinwhi'chsaid cylinders rotate, said. casingv having an innernon-circular surface, means. on. said pistons engaging said: surface:and operating'to reciprocate said pistons when said drive shaftrotates'relative tosaid casing, means rotatably supporting. said casing,means engageable' with said casing to hold the same from rotation, saidcasing .al-. lowing said pistons to move outwardly to provide an intakestroke and inwardly to provide a power stroke, a passage from eachcylinder in said drive shaft through which fluid may enter and. leavethe. cylinder, and. a; distributor conaccuses 9 nected to said casingfor rotation therewith, said distributor connecting each passage with aninlet port during the intake stroke of each piston I and connecting eachpassage with an outlet port during each power stroke.

8. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylindersuotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface, means on said pistons engagingsaid surface and operating to reciprocate said pistons when said driveshaft rotates relative to said casing, eans rotatably support- 'outletports which are alternately connectedto each said passage duringrotation of said drive shaft relative to said casing.

9. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably support ing said casing, means engageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, an axial recess in said drive shaft, adistributor element in said recess, said distributor element comprisingan elongated shaft about which said drive shaft may rotate, saidelongated shaft having grooves in the surface thereof, alternate ofwhich are connected by passages to one end of the elongated shaft, andthe remainder of which are connected by passages to the other end ofsaid elongated shaft, and passages through said drive shaft from eachcylinder to the interior of the i drive shaft, said passages beingalternately communicable' with 'said grooves upon rotation of said driveshaft.

10. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, a carriage slidably supported for radialmovement upon each of said cylinders, said carriage engaging the innersurface of said casing and engaging the outer extremity of acorresponding piston.

11. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with reciprocablecarriage slidably supported on each of 10 said radial cylinders, saidcarriage extending be tween one end of each piston and the inner surfaceof said casing, and apertures through said carriage to equalize pressureon opposite sides thereof.

12. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, an enclosing element slidably supported oneach of said cylinders for radial reciprocation thereon, and rollermeans on said enclosure engageable against the inner surface of saidcasing.

13. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably supporting said casing, meansengageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, a radially reciprocable cap slidablysupported on each radial cylinder, the base of each cap extendingbetween the outer end of one of said pistons and the inner surface ofsaid outer casing.

14. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surfaceoperating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, means slidably supported upon each of saidradially extending cylinders for radial reciprocation thereon, said lastnamed means engaging the piston within said cylinder to reciprocate thesame, and roller means on said last named means engageable with theinner eccentric surface of said casing.

15. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a' casing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably supporting said casing, means engageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, a piston actuating means radially slidablysupported by each of said radial cylinders, said piston actuating meansengaging the inner end of a cor responding piston to reciprocate thepiston in in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to said'drive shaft, agcasing within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving aninner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative tosaid casing, meansrotatably supportme said casing, means engageable with said .casing tohold the same from rotation, a piston actuating means radially slidablysupported ,by each of said cylinders for engaging a corresponding pistonto reciprocate the same, a pair of stub shafts on said piston actuatingmeans extending substantially parallel to said drive shaft, a pinextending radially from each said stub shaft, and a roller rotatablysupported on each stub shaft and including an internal circumferentialgroove for accommodating said pin, and an axially extending groovecommunicating with said first named groove.

1'7. A pump including a drive shaft, a series of radially extendingcylinders secured to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, pistonssupported in said cylinders for radial movement with respect to saiddrive shaft, a casing Within which said cylinders rotate, said casinghaving an inner non-circular surface operating to reciprocate saidpistons when said drive shaft rotates relative to said casing, meansrotatably supporting said casing, ,means engageable with said casing tohold the same from rotation, roller supporting means ,for connecting aroller to a stub shaft comprising a pin projecting from said stub shaftin a generally radial direction, a roller having. an

aperture therethrough of a size to slidably en gage the surface of thestub shaft, a circular groove between the ends of said rollercommunicating with the aperture through the roller, said groove being ofa size to freely accommodate said pin, and an axial groove connectingsaid .circu 'lar groove with one end of said roller through which saidpin may pass in inserting said roller onto said shaft.

18. A pump comprising an outer casing, an ,inner casing within saidouter casing,. an inner noncircular surface on said inner casing, adrive shaft extending into said outer casing a series of radiallyextending projections connectedto said drive shaft for rotationtherewith, a ,radially extending cylinder in each of said projec--tions, a piston in each said cylinder, .each said piston being radiallyslidable and actuated in a radial direction by the inner surface of saidinner casing, an inlet and outlet passage to each said cylinder, aseries of clutch discs adjacent said casing, alternate of said clutchdiscs being secured to said casing for rotation therewith and theremaining discs being relatively fixed, and means for applying axialpressure against said discs to cause frictional engagement therewith.

.19.. .A pump comprising an outer casing. an in- .ner casing within saidouter casing an .inner non-.circularsurface on said inner casing, .a.drive shaft extending into said outer casing, a series of radiallyextending projectionsconnected .to said .drive shaft for rotationtherewith, .a radially extending cylinder 'in each of .said projections,.a piston in each said cylinder, eachsaidpis'ton .being radiallyslidable and actuated .in .a radial direction by the inner surface ofsaid inner casing, an .inlet and .cutlet passage to ,each said cylinder,a series of clutch discs adjacent said casing, alternate of said clutchdiscs being secured to said casing for rotation therewith and theremaining discs being relatively fixed, and means for applying axialpressure against said discs to cause frictional engagement therebetween,said means comprising a collar threadably engaged to said outer casingand engageable againstsaid discs .to exert .a compressive actionthereupon.

20. ,A pump comprising an outer casing, :aninner casingwithin said outercasing, an inner non-circular surface onsaid inner casing, a drive shaftextending into said outer casing, a series of radially extendingprojections connected .to said drive shaft for rotation therewith, aradially extending cylinder in each of said projections, a piston .ineach said cylinder, each said piston jbeing radially slidable andactuated in a radial direction by the inner surface of said .innercasing, an inlet .and outlet passage .to each said cylinder, a series.of .clutch discs adjacent said casin alternate of said clutch discsbeing secured to said casing for rotation therewith and the remainingdiscs being relatively fixed. .and means for applying .axial pressureagainst .said discs to cause frictional engagement .therehetween, saidmeans comprising a collar thread- .ably engaged tosaid .outer casing.and engageable against said discs. to exert a .compressive actionthereupon, and means for rotating said collar including ,a ring earconnected to said .collar and a ,pinionrotatably supported by saidcasing, and means for rotating said pinion to rotate said collar.

FRITZ vSTlZIPIdAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in :the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 845,675 Antrobus Feb. 26, 19072,111,658 Benedek Mar. '22, 1938 2,273,468 Ferris Feb. 17, 1942

